Tendons are strong, smooth, shiny bands or bundles that resemble ropes and connect muscles to bones. Tendons help cause joint mobility by transferring force from the muscle to the bone. Tendons come in two varieties: those without sheaths (Figure 1) and those with sheaths (Figure 2). Figures 1 and 2
What are disorders of the tendon?
Tendon problems, also known as tendinopathies, are diseases that prevent the tendons from working normally. Tenosynovitis is a condition of tendons with sheaths, whereas tendinitis is a condition of tendons without sheaths.
Describe tendonitis.
Historically, an inflammation or irritation of a tendon has been referred to as tendinitis (also known as tendonitis). The tendons' fibers can fray in a similar fashion to how a rope gets frayed with repeated or protracted activities, severe exertion, uncomfortable and static postures, vibration, and localized mechanical stress. A reaction of inflammation is brought on by these tendon alterations. An area-specific reaction of tissue to damage is inflammation. Inflamed tendons get thicker, bumpier, and more erratic over time. Tendons may weaken permanently in the absence of rest and a chance for the tissue to repair. Tendonitis is a phrase that is rarely used because it suggests that there is inflammation. The recommended term to describe chronic pain linked to a problematic tendon is ""tendinopathy"" or ""tendinosis.""
Enough about tenosynovitis.
Tendon sheath inflammation is known as tenosynovitis. The tendon is lubricated by synovial fluid, which is produced by the sheath's inner walls. The lubricating system may not function properly with repetitive or prolonged activities, strong exertion, uncomfortable and immobile posture, vibration, and localized mechanical stress. It could create insufficient fluid or fluid with subpar lubricating properties. When the lubrication system malfunctions, friction develops between the tendon and its sheath. The tendon sheath becomes inflamed and swollen as a result. Repeated flare-ups of inflammation result in the formation of fibrous tissue, which thickens the tendon sheath and restricts tendon movement.
Where do problems of the tendon occur?
Occupational tendon problems most frequently occur at the following places (Figure 3): Shoulder in Figure 3 Bicipital tendinopathy is an issue with the biceps tendon. Rotator cuff tendinopathy is a condition of the tendons that help elevate the arm and rotate the humerus (upper arm bone). Elbow Tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis, is an inflammation of the tendon that connects various forearm muscles to a protrusion or bump on the side of the humerus slightly above the elbow. Wrist and Hand Flexor tendinopathy is a condition of the tendons on the wrist and hand's palm side. Extensor tendinopathy is a condition that affects the tendons in the palm and wrist. Inflammation of the tendon sheaths on the palm side of the wrist and hand is known as flexor tenosynovitis. Inflammation of the tendons in the back of the hand and wrist is known as extensor tenosynovitis. Inflammation of the tendon sheaths near the base of the thumb is a symptom of De Quervain's illness. A non-inflammatory degeneration of the tendons of the palmaris muscle in the hand results from Dupuytren's contracture, a disorder in which the tissues (fascia) under the skin on the palm of the hand thicken and shorten to the point where the tendons connecting to the fingers cannot move freely. shoulder tendons disease Bicipital tendinopathy and rotator cuff tendinopathy are the two tendon disorders of the shoulder that are most frequently seen. The tendon that surrounds the biceps muscle may become inflamed, or the tendon may degenerate due to repeated overhead action or the natural aging process. Subdeltoid bursitis, subacromial bursitis, supraspinatus tendinitis, and partial rotator cuff tears are other names for rotator cuff tendinopathy. Workers subjected to a high frequency of repetitive actions requiring a large amount of force are more likely to develop shoulder tendon diseases. Workers performing tasks that require difficult postures, such as overhead work, raising the arms, and adopting particular positions depending on how much bending and lifting the arms requires. elbow tenosynovitis Jobs requiring frequent or vigorous motions of the fingers, wrist, and forearm are linked to tendinopathy of the elbow, often known as tennis elbow or lateral epicondylitis. The simultaneous rotation of the forearm and bending of the wrist, the stressful holding of items with an inward or outward movement of the forearm, and jerky throwing motions are all actions that are linked to the development of tendinopathy of the elbow. Please see our OSH Answers tennis elbow document for further details. wrist and hand tendinopathy Numerous conditions, including tenosynovitis, tendinitis, De Quervain's disease, and Dupuytren's contracture, are classified as tendinopathy of the hand and wrist. Assembly line labor, meat processing, manufacturing, knitting, typing, and playing the piano are high-risk occupations and hobbies linked to hand and wrist tendinitis. According to some research, employees who are exposed to risk factors including high force and high repetition are more likely to develop hand and wrist tendinopathy. It has been discovered that excessive thumb use while texting on mobile devices may be a risk factor for De Quervain's illness. knee (patellar) tendinitis An injury to the tendon that connects your patella (kneecap) to your shinbone is called patellar tendinitis. In order to kick, run, and jump, your knee needs the assistance of this tendon. The most frequent causes are running and leaping, although stress can also be added by abruptly increasing how fast or how frequently you run or jump. Even though they are common in athletes, those in jobs with comparable movements may be at danger.
What signs are present?
The presence of pain at the site of damage distinguishes the clinical presentation of tendon diseases. Strength or functional ability are frequently affected as well. Examining the area above the damaged tendon reveals specific physical symptoms such as soreness, which may also be accompanied by edema, redness, and mobility restriction.
What causes problems of the tendon?
A tendon disease frequently results from a mix of circumstances, and every case is different. Overuse, aging, injury, or disease-related changes in the tendon can all be contributing factors. Excessive force, repeated motion, frequent overhead reaching, vibration, and uncomfortable postures can all be risk factors for tendon problems.
What is the procedure?
Surgery is infrequently necessary for the conservative management of tendon diseases. The disorder won't last or come back if the behaviors that triggered or intensified it are avoided. Discuss choices with your doctor, such as painkillers, corticosteroids, or platelet-rich plasma. The damaged muscles and tendons can be stretched and strengthened with the aid of physical therapy.
How may tendon diseases be avoided?
Repetitive or protracted activity, strenuous exercise, awkward and stationary posture, vibration, and localized mechanical stress have all been linked to tendon problems. Identifying and addressing these risk factors should be part of the strategy for preventing tendon diseases. Good design of work practices and equipment should aim at reducing repetitive movements, awkward postures and static posture (periods spent in one position). Job design should also aim at minimizing the need to use forceful exertion and making sure that rest and work breaks are properly used. The prevention of tendon disorders should also include training and education. To be successful a training and education program must be organized, consistent and ongoing. Everyone at work, including workers, managers, health and safety representatives, and so on, must get actively involved. Education and training can include how to use the right technique during activity or work to lessen the possible issues (e.g., stretch, strengthen muscles, appropriate lifting techniques, good ergonomic set-up, etc.)""" - https://www.affordablecebu.com/
